Modulating effects of preconditioning exercise in the expression of ET-1 and BNP via HIF-1α in ischemically injured brain

It is well-known that in ischemia-induced hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor -1α (HIF-1α) is critical in triggering expression of its downstream target genes to produce several products, such as erythropoietin (EPO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide synthesis (NOS), glucose transportor-1 (GLUT-1), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), which further promote erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, vasodilation and capitalization of glucose to overcome hypoxia. Meanwhile, as the factors with opposite effects on blood vessels, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) also stand out strikingly in ischemic pathophysiology. To this day, several preconditioning manners have been used to induce tolerance to ischemia. During our research, exercise preconditioning was applied and it was demonstrated that HIF-1α triggered expression of ET-1 and BNP, which confirmed their downstream target genes for HIF-1α. And ET-1 may influcence expression of BNP to some degree but not the only factor which regulates BNP expression. Therefore, our findings suggest exercise preconditioning may provide protection to the ischemic brain tissue via HIF-1α which in turn increases expression of BNP to cause vasodilation in cooperation with some other factors, such as VEGF and EPO, to increase the blood flow in the ischemic area and then relieve the injuries induced by ischemia.

     

Contemporary Outcomes and Factors Associated With Mortality After a Fetal or Postnatal Diagnosis of Common Arterial Trunk

Background

Common arterial trunk (CAT) is a rare anomaly with a spectrum of pathology. We sought to identify current trends and factors associated with postnatal outcomes.

不同切口白内障联合青光眼手术对眼表的影响

目的：探讨单切口和双切口白内障超声乳化联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并年龄相关性白内障术后眼表的影响。

方法：随机抽取在我院行单切口和双切口白内障超声乳化吸除、人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术患者各26例26眼，对临床资料进行回顾性分析。比较两组病例术前1d和术后1wk，1、3mo时的泪膜破裂时间(break up time，BUT)，泪液分泌试验Ⅰ(SchirmerⅠ time，SⅠt)，角膜荧光素染色程度(corneal fluorescein staining，FL)等，并对结果进行统计学分析。

结果：所有入选的病例均在局部麻醉下行手术治疗，术后随访3mo。两组患者术后1wk，1mo的BUT，FL，SⅠt指标数值与术前相比均有明显差异(P<0.01)，术后3mo基本恢复术前水平。术后1wk，1mo双切口组BUT，SⅠt均明显短于单切口组(P<0.05)； FL双切口组术后1wk明显高于单切口组(P<0.05)，而术后1mo两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3mo，两组患者的BUT，FL，SⅠt相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：单切口和双切口的白内障超声乳化联合显微小梁切除术术后均对术眼眼表有影响，双切口组影响更大，且相关指标异常的高峰期出现在术后1mo之内。     

MicroRNA-301b-3p accelerates the growth of gastric cancer cells by targeting zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to be aberrantly expressed and exert essential roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of gastric cancer (GC). miR-301b-3p has been recognized as a cancer-related miRNA in lung cancer, bladder cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the function of miR-301b-3p in GC progression and its underlying mechanism have not been studied yet. In this study, we found that miR-301b-3p expression was up-regulated in GC tissues compared to adjacent noncancerous tissues. Furthermore, the elevated levels of miR-301b-3p were detected in GC cell lines (SGC-7901, AGS, MKN-45 and MGC-803) as compared with GES-1 cells. Interestingly, GC tissues from patients with tumor size ≥ 5 cm and advanced tumor stages showed obvious higher levels of miR-301b-3p compared to matched controls. Functionally, miR-301b-3p knockdown prominently inhibited cell proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and apoptosis in MGC-803 cells. Meanwhile, ectopic expression of miR-301b-3p conversely regulated these biological behaviors of MKN-45 cells. Next, we found that miR-301b-3p knockdown increased, whereas miR-301b-3p overexpression reduced the expression of zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 (ZBTB4) in GC cells. Accordingly, luciferase reporter assay identified ZBTB4 as a direct target of miR-301b-3p. ZBTB4 overexpression markedly restrained the growth of MGC-803 cells. More importantly, ZBTB4 silencing partially reversed miR-301b-3p knockdown-induced tumor suppressive effects on MGC-803 cells. In conclusion, we firstly revealed that miR-301-3p was highly expressed in GC and contributed to tumor progression via attenuating ZBTB4, which might provide a novel molecular-targeted strategy for GC treatment.     

Wnt/β-catenin links oxidative stress to podocyte injury and proteinuria

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能谱智能匹配联合双低技术在CT门静脉成像中的可行性研究

目的 探索单能量成像结合自适应统计迭代重建（adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction，ASIR）及自动能谱协议选择（automatic spectral imaging mode selection，ASIS）技术在个体化降低患者门静脉造影辐射剂量、对比剂剂量中的应用价值。方法 回顾性收集华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院2017年1月至2017年4月120例临床需进行上腹部增强检查的受检者资料（男80例，女40例），按扫描方案分为3组，每组各40例。A组采用常规120 kVp扫描，噪声指数（NI）=10，对比剂用量为450 mgI/kg，图像采用50% ASIR重建；B、C两组采用能谱成像模式，NI=10（B组），NI=13（C组），对比剂用量均为300 mgI/kg，图像采用60 keV+50% ASIR重建。采用单因素方差分析比较3组图像中门静脉、肝实质的平均CT值及其差值、图像噪声、信噪比（SNR）及对比噪声比（CNR）。由两位高年资放射科医师对3组图像进行主观图像质量评分。记录患者的容积CT剂量指数（CTDI_vol）、剂量长度乘积（DLP）并计算有效剂量（E）。结果 B、C两组对比剂用量较A组降低了约30%。A、B、C组图像的门静脉CT值分别为168.22±17.82、209.06±20.07、211.03±25.60，B、C组与A比较，差异有统计学意义（t=-9.625、-8.680，P<0.05）。A、B、C 3组门静脉与肝实质CT差值分别为60.01±17.01、106.63±25.83、107.72±25.39，B、C组与A组比较，差异有统计学意义（t=-9.536、-9.857，P<0.05）。SNR分别为8.48±1.41、12.64±2.94、10.77±1.94，CNR分别为5.16±1.80、8.13±2.54、7.32±1.84，图像质量评分分别为（3.53±0.68）、（4.75±0.54）和（4.53±0.64）分，B、C组的SNR、CNR和图像质量评分与A组比较，差异有统计学意义（t=-8.082、-6.064、-6.050、-5.308、-8.912、-6.779，P<0.05）。A、B、C组CTDI_vol分别为（12.15±5.02）、（12.34±4.18）、（10.03±3.13）mGy，DLP分别为（348.62±155.99）、（355.56±131.07）、（287.10±92.25）mGy·cm，E分别为（5.23±2.34）、（5.33±1.97）、（4.31±1.38）mSv，相对于A、B两组，C组的CTDI_vol、DLP和E差异均有统计学意义（t=2.274、2.147、2.147、2.812、2.702、2.702，P<0.05），分别降低了19%。结论 CT门静脉成像时，选择NI=13，60 keV结合50%ASIR重建及ASIS技术可以个体化降低患者的对比剂剂量和辐射剂量，并提供满足诊断要求的图像。